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01.01.1970 //Space robots will borrow in spiders the structure of joints.
European researchers reproduced the articulations of the feet of spider almost one to one (photo Jurgen E Haug, illustration Carlo Menon, Cristian Lira). Scientists Porta menon (Carlo Menon) from the command of the foremost concepts of European space agency (ESA Advanced Concepts Team) and Christian lir (Cristian Lira) from the technological university of kaunas (Kaunas University of Technology) created the miniature manipulator Smart Stick on the "motives" of the device of the foot of spider even they assume that it will prove useful for the future space robots. Similar to spiders robots (including - for the work in space) long ago not news, only here the drive of their feet is differed from original spider system. However, the authors of the new work (it it is published in periodical Bioinspiration and Biomimetics) assume that in certain cases has the sense to try to copy spider feet almost literally. In contrast to usual animals, foot of spiders they are set in action not by muscles, but "hydraulics". The turning of articulations manages the liquid (hemolymph), which fills the body of spider (and joints), in which the spider can create one or other pressure or another. Menon and lira developed and built the miniature articulation, in which the turning of "extremities" ensure the microscopic cameras, which divide the sections (you look figure in the title). Pump will give into the cameras liquid, and the built-in pressure sensors ensure for the control unit feedback. In contrast to the hydraulic pistons, here actually there are no friction surfaces, construction (according to the idea) must transfer well the merciless terms of space - vacuum, temperature differentials, radiation. But the main thing - manipulator and joint came out not wider than 1 millimeters (almost as the present feet of spider) and in this case - sufficiently strong. But the excellent relationship between the size, the weight and the power of this system, assume its creators, must greatly prove useful during the construction of miniature robots. One joint Smart Stick ensures an angle of rotation into 1,8 degrees, but a number of the joints, erected consecutively, it will allow the manipulator of robot to be bent to any side and it is sufficiently strong. On the similar principle must work the articles, which projects the lira in its project "cloth with the varied structure" (Variable Structure Fabric - VSF). According to its concept, miniature hydraulic drives, with the sensors of feedback and manager electronics, the similar to system Smart Stick, can be built-in the clothing, the seats of automobile and the interiors in order to contribute to reduction in the fatigue of person, who for a long time works, who sits after the control and so on.
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