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01.01.1970 //NASA verified in the work of its robots.
In the beginning of September in the desert environments of Arizona crater surprising command landed. Several metallic creation on the feet, the paws and the little wheels were rolled and left together with the handful of people from the cargo trailers to the red soil. These were not the survey of fantastic film, but completely serious preparation for the achievement of other planets. "studies and technology in the desert" (Desert Research and Technology Studies), and in abbreviated form - Desert RATS, i.e., the "rats of desert" - this is the special long-standing project, which conducts the field tests of different robots, diving-dresses, roverov, the systems of communications and other equipment, developed for the space branch OF THE USA. The command of "rats" is assembled from the specialists of several research and scientific organizations NASA, in particular, the space center of Johnson (Johnson Space Center), noted for his robotic developments, and also - the number of the universities OF THE USA. Work "rats" long ago. They regularly leave into different points OF THE USA, where the locality is similar to the barren and rigid (on the major fluctuations of the temperature of air and the absence of water) conditions of the Moon and Mars. We somehow spoke on one of such past expeditions.
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 "Cottage- cottage, turn yourself to me by front". "athlete" in the role of the stepping base. To the right - "athlete" became the center of the "debarkation" of the astronauts (one of them here it works in the diving-dress) (photograph NASA).
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But among the novelties, tested this time, it is worthwhile to note interesting robot on the name "athlete" (ATHLETE). It is capable both to drive on the wheels and to walk, and still - to carry out a number of other actions by its universal manipulators. Our various article is dedicated to it. But now to it it is necessary to add that the "athlete" wonderfully managed the tasks and, as announced specialists NASA, dragged on itself the mock-up of the small research manned station and squatted with it "to haunches", being strongly on the soil. Astronauts then opened the doors of "station" and established in the threshold ramp. But here is most the impressive copy in this expedition - "robonavt" (Robonaut), which is astronaut- robot.
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With the aid of four wheels "robonavt" it became "centaur". To the right: "centaur" assembles models into the box on the spin (photograph NASA).
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Let the "iron astronaut" have only trunk with the head and two hands, but this does not prevent it from working in the most different conditions. Both in the solitude and in the role of the apprentice of living researchers. On board the space station it can be moved between the special fastenings on the walls in order to help astronaut- people in the fulfillment of different operations. But it is here this time, for the tests in the desert, they joined it to the wheel robotized cart, and came out "centaur" (Centaur). "centaur" possesses the hands, which barely be inferior to human in adroitness, but therefore it can make the most different things. For example, without tiredness to select interesting stones, to add them into the box, which stands on the spin, and then to transport and to plot this box in the necessary place. Let us say, into the body of "scout" (SCOUT, reduction from test stand "science, command, operation and service").
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"centaur" demonstrates the ability of loader - it transfers box with the models into the body of "scout". To the right below: so "centaur" will help astronauts on Mars (photograph and illustration NASA).
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The latter is rover, with size the jeep, equipped with small cargo platform and pair of seats. It can be moved both with the astronauts aboard and independently - according to the radio commands or the built-in program. "scout", by the way, presented small surprise for the "athlete". The working antennas of four-wheeled robot- automobile, as it seemed, influenced electronics of six-legged robot. That acted normally far from the "associate". Strictly for the development of such shortages zatevayutsya the field tests of the entire cohort of robots together.
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Engineer NASA controls the work of the "scout" and of "centaur". In the foreground - rover K -10. To the left: "athlete" with the mock-up of base (photo NASA).
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Even in the desert engineers verified in the matter to vapor of roverov K -10, which carry on themselves diverse tools and cameras with the transmitters. It is interesting that they are intended not only for scientific studies, but also for the inspection of other robots, which work next. Their splendid photographs K -10 were sent through the satellite retranslator into the headquarters of tests, which is located for thousands of kilometers. It is interesting that on one of the days the camp of researchers it visited three dust water spouts. One of them passed directly on the "centaur", but it applied no damages. It is possible to say that out of the plan the robot passed important checking, indeed on Mars also there are the dust water spouts But here human expedition smallness from them suffered: the bundle of documents lying was openly caught by water spout and disappeared in the desert.
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"Martian excavator" in action (photo NASA).
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American engineers verified in action even two robotized "geologists". Well, let us assume, "geologists" - this is loudly said, human brains no one will replace. But here are hands - if you please. One was the blade, fixed on the manipulator of the same "athlete" (here one additional role of this walking truck), and to the second - manipulator with the ladle, established on the small multiwheel "tractor". Both worked out well, although the stony soil of Arizona with difficulty yielded to not too powerful a technology and the depth of the dug out pits proved to be small. the "scout" was also tested in the role of geological equipment. According to the predetermined program he was moved between the fixed points in the locality and were carried out seismic measurements.
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