Robot and robotechnology news
01.01.1970 //Cyborgs increasingly are nearer.
In THE USA the implanted prosthesis of retina is developed. The electronic device, completely implanted into the eye and substituting retina in the case of its unfitness for work, is created as a result of the joint operation of specialists under Karim's management Zaglulya (Kareem Zaghloul) from the university of Pennsylvania and Kvabeny Of boen (Kwabena Boahen) from the Stanford university. As reports New Scientist with the reference on Journal of Neural Engineering, artificial retina has a size of 3,5 to 3,3 millimeters. It consists two components. The light passed through the transparent media of eye falls on 5760 light-sensitive sensors, which act analogously with the appropriate cells of eye. The currents manufactured by them are processed by 3600 transistors, printed by method traditional for the computer industry. Now Boen and Zaglul' work at further reduction in the overall sizes of instrument. Electronic component on its device imitates the real network of the neurons, critical for the transmission of visual information from the retina to the brain. For this are used the transistors of thirteen distinguished by their characteristics types. In particular, electronics is beret to itself such functions of nerve tissue as the correction of brightness and image contrast. Since enjoyment by the constant picture of peace it in no way helped our ancestors to succeed in the multiplication, as a result of natural selection, the neurons of the eyes of mammals found the ability to transfer information into the brain only about the changes appearing in the image. The created by American scientists electronic system is also capable of achieving a compression of the flow of videodata in the real time. The obtained signal will be given to the optical nerve. In the previous developments of the same designation the television camera and video processor were carried out in the form of the external blocks, connected with the wires between themselves. Dispatch obtained data on the cable into the head, where commutation with the nervous system was achieved. In the daily life the use of devices of a similar layout could present some inconveniences for the patients. As it is expected, artificial retina will be claimed in medicine. In the industrially developed countries the doctors place yearly not less than seven hundred thousand diagnoses of different diseases, connected with the irreversible loss of the cells of the retina, which gradually leads to blindness. The successful imitation of the results of biological evolution can be claimed, also, in the robot technology. The apparatus preprocessing of data in the peripheral equipment reduces load on the main processor and it can considerably decrease the energy consumption, the expert interrogated by periodical notes.